Sensitivies of urine screening and confirmation drug tests

At concentrations below the limit of detection, the drug (or metabolite) will not normally be detected by the usual screening procedure. A result reported as 'positive' in a screening test implies that the concentration of drug present is in excess of the limit given here. Note that the sensitivity of drug detection will be reduced in dilute urine specimens.

The action limits used by the laboratory for employment and pre-employment confirmatory tests cited above are the same as those used by most laboratories performing drugs of abuse screening, and conform to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) guidelines. Please contact the laboratory for further information.

Drug Class Limit of detection of screening test Limit of detection of confirmation test
Alcohol 100 mg/L (10 mg/dL) 100 mg/L (10 mg/dL)
Barbiturates 200 mg/L 200 mg/L
Amphetamine 1000 mg/L 200 mg/L
Benzodiazepines 200 mg/L 200 mg/L
Cannabinoids 50 mg/L 5 mg/L
Cocaine (metabolite) 300 mg/L 50 mg/L
Codeine 300 mg/L 50 mg/L
Cyclizine 200 mg/L 200 mg/L
Dihydrocodeine 300 mg/L 50 mg/L
EDDP 100 mg/L 50 mg/L
Methadone   200 mg/L
6-Monoacetyl morphine   10 mg/L
Morphine 300 mg/L 50 mg/L
Thebaine   50 mg/L

Detection times of some common drugs of abuse in urine

Note that detection times are only very approximate and are very dependent upon the dose, its frequency, route of administration and urine excretion / dilution.

Drugs Duration of detection in urine
Alcohol up to 1 day
Amphetamines (including MDMA, MDA) 1-3 days
Barbiturates 1-3 days
Benzodiazepines 1-3 days
Cannabis up to 14 days
Cocaine 1-3 days
Codeine 1-2 days
Cyclizine 1-2 days
Dihydrocodeine 1-2 days
Heroin (morphine) up to 1 day
Methadone 1-3 days
6-MAM up to 1 day

Detection of Opiate abuse

Drug use Urine test results
Heroin Morphine + 6-MAM1 + Codeine
Morphine Morphine
Codeine Morphine + Codeine
Poppy seeds Morphine + Codeine+Thebaine2
Dihydrocodeine Dihydrocodeine

1 May only be detected following recent heroin use.

2 May be detected following poppy seed ingestion.

Pentazocine

This synthetic opioid is a controlled drug (CD) but is infrequently abused. It will not be detected by the routine opiate immunoassay screening procedure. However, if analysis of this drug is requested it can easily be detected by one of the chromatographic confirmation procedures.

Penthidine

This synthetic opioid is a controlled drug (CD) but is infrequently abused. It will not be detected by the routine opiate immunoassay screening procedure. However, if analysis of this drug is requested, it can easily be detected by one of the chromatographic confirmatory procedures.

Phencyclidine ("Angel Dust", PCP)

Currently, there is no evidence for any significant availability or abuse of this drug in the US. It may be possible to detect the presence of this drug in urine, but this is uncertain. The Laboratory should be contacted directly if this drug is suspected.

Tests for the dilution of urine

The Laboratory will determine the creatinine concentration of all urine specimens submitted for screening to detect abnormally dilute specimens, i.e. those with creatinine

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